вторник, 16 июня 2020 г.

Разговорные идиомы в английском языке с примерами и переводом (Everyday Idioms) - I - W.


ill at ease - uncomfortable
не по себе
She felt ill at ease because of her cheap dress.
in advance - well before
заранее
He told her about his plan in advance.
in a nutshell - in a few words
кратко, вкратце
In a nutshell, my plan is to buy land.
in care of someone - write to one person at the address of another
адресату по адресу другого человека (у кого остановился)
I'm staying at Tom's house. Write to me in care of Tom Gray, Chicago, Illinois.
in cold blood - mercilessly
хладнокровно
He killed her in cold blood.
in fact - actually, in reality
фактически
In fact, he works as a manager here.
in general - generally, generally speaking
в общем, вообще
In general, he likes to be alone. He described the place only in general.
in one's element - what one likes
в своей стихии
He's in his element when he's arguing.
in other words - using other words
другими словами
In other words, you refused to do it for her.
in plain English - in simple, frank terms
проще говоря
I didn't really like the concert. In plain English, the concert was terrible.
the ins and outs - all info about
входы и выходы
He knows the ins and outs of this business.
in someone's shoes - in another person's position
на месте другого, в положении другого
I'd hate to be in his shoes now. He lost his job, and his wife is in the hospital.
in the long run - in the end
в конечном счете
In the long run, it'll be better to buy it.
in the same boat - in the same situation
в таком же положении
Stop arguing with me, we're in the same boat and should help each other.
in the clear - free from blame
вне претензий
Pay the bill and you'll be in the clear.
in time (to do something) - before something begins
придти вовремя, чтобы успеть что-то сделать (до начала чего-то)
I came in time to have a cup of coffee before class.
it goes without saying - should be clear without words
не стоит и говорить, само собой
It goes without saying that he must pay what he owes right away.
It's on the tip of my tongue.
вертится на языке
His name is on the tip of my tongue.
it's time - should do it right away
пора
Hurry up, it's time to go.
It's worth it. / It's not worth it. It’s (not) worth buying, visiting, watching, etc.
оно того стоит /оно того не стоит; (не) стоит покупать, посетить, смотреть и т.д.
Watch this film, it's worth it. Don't buy this coat, it is not worth it. This museum is worth visiting. This film is not worth watching.
it will do - it's enough
достаточно
Stop reading, it will do for now.
jump at the opportunity/chance - accept the opportunity eagerly
ухватиться за возможность
His boss mentioned a job in Europe, and Peter jumped at the opportunity.
just as soon - prefer this one
предпочел бы (это)
I'd just as soon stay home, I'm tired.
just in case - to be on the safe side
на всякий случай
Take an extra shirt, just in case.
Just my luck! - Bad / Hard luck!
Мне всегда не везет!
They lost my job application. Just my luck!
keep an eye on - take care of, watch, look after
последить за, присмотреть за
Betty keeps an eye on my sons for me. I’ll keep an eye on you!
keep a straight face - not to laugh
стараться не смеяться
I tried to keep a straight face, but failed.
keep company - accompany
составить компанию
She keeps me company quite often.
keep one's word - fulfill a promise
держать слово
You promised, now keep your word.
keep someone posted - inform
держать в курсе событий
Keep me posted about your plans.
keep your fingers crossed - hope that nothing will go wrong
надеяться, что все пройдет гладко
I have a job interview today. Keep your fingers crossed for me, will you?
kill time - fill/spend empty time
убить время
I went to the show to kill time.
(not) know the first thing about - not to have any knowledge about
ничего не знать по какой-то теме
I don't know the first thing about nuclear physics.
know the ropes - be very familiar with some business
знать все ходы и выходы
He knows all the ropes in this company.
last-minute notice - little or no time to prepare for something
сообщение в последний момент
His arrival was a last-minute notice, we didn't have time to prepare for it.
lay one's cards on the table - be frank and open
сказать честно, открыть карты
Finally, we asked him to lay his cards on the table and tell us about his plans.
lay one's life on the line - put oneself in a dangerous situation
ставить жизнь на карту
He laid his life on the line to fulfill this task, but nobody appreciated his efforts.
lead a dog's life - live in misery
вести собачью жизнь
He leads a dog's life.
lead someone on - make someone believe something that isn't true
заставить кого-то поверить неправде
They suspect that you are leading them on. You led me on!
leave it at that - accept reluctantly
оставить как есть
Leave it at that, what else can you do?
leave word - leave a message
оставить сообщение
He left word for you to meet him at the airport at 6.
let bygones be bygones - forget and forgive bad things in the past
не ворошить прошлое
Why don't you let bygones be bygones and forget about what he said?
let go of - release the hold
отпустить, не держать
Let go of my hand or I'll call the guard.
let (it) go - forget bad experience, return to normal life
освободиться от тяжелого переживания
He's still in despair and can't let (it) go. You can’t change anything, so let it go.
let one's hair down - be relaxed and informal with other people
держаться неофициально
She is always so formal. She never lets her hair down.
let someone down - disappoint, fail someone
подвести кого-то
Don't let me down this time!
let someone know - inform
известить
Let me know when you find a job.
like father, like son - be like one's parent in something
какой отец, такой и сын
Paul won a prize in a chess tournament. Great! Like father, like son!
little by little - step by step
понемногу
Little by little, he got used to Tokyo.
look for - search for
искать
What are you looking for?
look forward to - expect with pleasure
ожидать с нетерпением
I'm looking forward to your letter. Mary is looking forward to the party.
look out - be careful, watch out
остерегаться
Look out! The bus is coming!
look up - check with /in a dictionary or a reference book
посмотреть в словаре или справочнике
If you don’t know this word, look it up in the dictionary.
lose one's temper - become angry
разозлиться
He loses his temper very often.
lose one's way - get lost
потерять дорогу
I lost my way. Can you help me?
lose track of - not to know where someone or something is
потерять из виду
I lost track of him years ago.
lucky break - a lucky chance
счастливый случай
He got his lucky break when he got this job.
зарабатывать на жизнь
He works hard. His family is big, and he has to make a living somehow.
make allowance for - take into consideration when judging
учитывать, делать скидку на
Don't criticize him so hard, make (an) allowance for his inexperience.
make a point of - be sure to do something intentionally
считать обязательным для себя сделать что-то
Make a point of asking about his wife. Make it a point to be here by 10.
make ends meet - to have and spend only what one earns
сводить концы с концами
His doesn’t get much money. I wonder how he manages to make ends meet.
make friends - become friends
подружиться
Anton makes new friends easily.
make fun of - laugh at, joke about
высмеивать
He made fun of her German accent.
make no bones about it - say/do openly, without hesitation
сказать прямо, не скрывая отношения
I'll make no bones about it: I don't like your attitude to work.
make room for - allow space for
освободить место для
We can make room for one more dog.
make sense - be logical
имеет смысл
What you say makes sense.
make the most of smth - do the best in the given situation
извлечь лучшее из
Let's make the most of our vacation.
make up - become friends again
помириться
I'm tired of fighting. Let's make up.
make up for smth - compensate
компенсировать
I'll make up for the time you spent on it.
make up one's mind - decide
принять решение
When will you go? Make up your mind.
make yourself at home - be comfortable, feel at home
будьте как дома
Come in please. Make yourself at home.
man of his word - one who keeps promises, is dependable
хозяин своего слова, держит слово
You can depend on his promise to help. He's a man of his word.
mean well - have good intentions
хотеть сделать, как лучше
He meant well, but it turned out that he spoiled a couple of things for me.
might as well - a good idea
может быть неплохо
I might as well telephone him now.
missing person - someone who is lost and can't be located
пропавший человек (в розыске)
The little boy disappeared. The police registered him as a missing person.
meet someone halfway - compromise with others
идти на компромисс с кем-то
He's reasonable and tries to meet his coworkers halfway, when possible.
never mind - it doesn't matter
неважно, ничего
Thank you. - Never mind.
not to mention - in addition to
не говоря уж
We have three dogs, not to mention two cats.
no wonder - not surprising
неудивительно, что
He ate three big fish. No wonder he's sick.
now and again - occasionally
время от времени
I meet them now and again at the bank.
odds and ends - a variety of small unimportant things or leftovers
мелочи, остатки, обрезки
I needed to buy some odds and ends for the kitchen.
off the cuff - without preparation
без подготовки
Off the cuff, I can give you only a rough estimate.
off the point - beside the point
не относится к делу
What I think about him is off the point.
off the record - not for the public, unofficially
не для публики, неофициально
Strictly off the record, I think the director is going to get married soon.
once and for all - decidedly
однажды и навсегда
You must quit smoking once and for all.
on credit - not pay cash right away
в кредит
He bought a car on credit.
on edge - nervous, irritable
нервный, раздраженный
He's been on edge ever since she left.
on guard - on the alert
настороже, бдительный
He's cautious and always on guard.
on hand - available
под рукой
Do you have a calculator on hand?
on one's own - alone, by oneself
самостоятельно, один, сам по себе
She likes to live and work on her own.
on one's toes - alert, attentive, prepared for difficulties
бдительный, собранный
He was on his toes and produced a very good impression on them.
on purpose - intentionally
нарочно, с целью
I didn't do it on purpose, it just happened so.
on second thought - after thinking again
по зрелом размышлении
I'd like to sit on the aisle. On second thought, I'd like a window seat.
on the alert - on guard
начеку, настороже
He's cautious and always on the alert.
on the carpet - called in by the boss for criticism
вызвать на ковер
Yesterday the boss called her on the carpet for being rude to the coworkers.
on the go - busy, on the move
в движении, на ходу
He is always on the go.
on the off chance - unlikely to happen, but still
маловероятно, но на всякий случай
On the off chance that you don't find him at work, here's his home address.
on the other hand - considering the other side of the question
с другой стороны
I'd like to have a dog. On the other hand, my wife likes cats better.
on the spot - right there
на месте, сразу
I decided to do it on the spot.
on the spur of the moment - without previous thought / plan
под влиянием момента
He bought this car on the spur of the moment, now he regrets it.
on time - punctual
в назначенное время
Jim is always on time.
out of one's mind - crazy
сумасшедший
If you think so, you're out of your mind.
out of one's way - away from someone's usual route
не по пути
I can't give you a lift to the bank, it's out of my way today.
out of the question - impossible
не может быть и речи
Paying him is out of the question!
pack rat - a person who saves lots of unnecessary things
тот, кто не выбрасывает старые ненужные вещи
Why does she keep all those things she never uses? - She is a pack rat.
pay attention - be attentive
обратить внимание
Pay attention to his words.
pick a fight - start a quarrel
начать ссору
He often tries to pick a fight with me.
pick up - take, get
подобрать, взять
I'll pick you up at 7.
play one's cards right - choose the right steps in doing something
сыграть правильно
If you play your cards right, he'll agree to your plan.
potluck supper - a surprise meal, where nobody knows what dishes other guests will bring
ужин вскладчину, никто не знает, что принесут другие
You know what happened at our last potluck supper? Everybody brought macaroni and cheese, apples, and beer!
pull oneself together - brace oneself, summon your strength
cобраться с силами
Stop crying and complaining! You have to pull yourself together now.
pull the wool over someone's eyes - deceive, mislead someone
обмануть, ввести в заблуждение
Are you trying to pull the wool over my eyes? It won't do you any good.
put a damper on - discourage
охладить пыл
She always puts a damper on my plans.
put in a word for someone - say positive things about someone
замолвить словечко
I'd be very grateful if you could put in a word for me when you speak to him.
put off - postpone
откладывать
Don't put it off till tomorrow.
put one's foot down - object strongly
решительно воспротивиться
Her father put his foot down when she said she wanted to marry Alan.
put one's foot in it - do the wrong thing, make a fool of oneself
сделать/сказать глупость
He put his foot in it when he told the boss his daughter wasn't pretty.
put up with - accept, tolerate
мириться с, терпеть
I can't put up with your bad work!
quite a bit of - much, a lot of
много
I had quite a bit of trouble with that car.
quite a few - many, a lot of
много
He wrote quite a few good stories.
rack one's brain - try hard to think
напрячь мозги
He racked his brain to solve the puzzle.
read between the lines - find or understand the implied meaning
читать между строк
His books are not easy to understand; you have to read between the lines.
remember me to - say hello to
передать привет от
Please remember me to your family.
right away - immediately
сразу же, немедленно
It' very important to do it right away.
ring a bell - remind someone of something familiar /half-forgotten
напоминает что-то знакомое
Annabel Lee? Yeah, it rings a bell, but I can't place it right now.
rock the boat - make the situation unstable
раскачивать лодку, вести к нестабильности
Peter always rocks the boat when we discuss company's spending policy.
rub shoulders with - meet with
близко общаться с
He doesn't rub shoulders with the rich.
rub someone the wrong way - irritate, annoy, make angry
раздражать, злить кого-то
His remarks rub many coworkers the wrong way.
run into - meet by chance
случайно встретить
I ran into an old friend yesterday.
save face - try to change the negative impression produced
спасать репутацию
He said a stupid thing and tried to save face by saying he misunderstood me.
save one's breath - stop useless talk
не трать слова попусту
There's no use talking to him about his spending habits, so save your breath.
scratch the surface - study something superficially
изучать поверхностно
He examines all the facts closely, he doesn't just scratch the surface.
see about - make arrangements for
позаботиться о чем-то
I have to see about our plane tickets.
see eye to eye - agree
сходиться в мнении
We don't see eye to eye any longer.
serve someone right - get what someone deserves
поделом
It serves him right that he didn't get this job, he despised all other candidates.
serve one's purpose - be useful to someone for his purpose
отвечать цели
I doubt that hiring this man will serve your purpose.
show promise - be promising
подавать надежды
This young actor shows promise.
show up - appear
появиться
I waited for hours but he didn't show up.
size up - evaluate someone
оценить, составить мнение
It took me 5 minutes to size up that man.
sleep on it - postpone a decision till next morning
отложить решение до следующего утра
Don't decide now, sleep on it.
a slip of the tongue - a mistake
обмолвка (ошибка)
It was just a slip of the tongue!
slip (from) one's mind - forget
забыть
It slipped my mind what she asked me.
smell a rat - suspect something
подозревать недоброе
I'm not sure what it is, but I smell a rat.
so far - up to now
до сих пор, пока
So far, I have read 3 books by King.
so much the better - it's even better
еще лучше
If he can pay cash, so much the better.
spill the beans - tell a secret
проболтаться
Who spilled the beans about our plan?
stand a chance - have a chance
нет шансов
He doesn't stand a chance of getting it.
stand out - be noticeable
выделяться
He stands out in any group of people.
stand to reason - be logical
логично, что
It stands to reason that he apologized.
straight from the shoulder - speak frankly
честно, откровенно
Don't try to spare my feelings, give it to me straight from the shoulder.
take a dim view of something - disapprove of something
не одобрять
My sister takes a dim view of the way I raise my children.
take a break - stop for rest
сделать перерыв
Let’s take a break, I’m tired.
take advantage of - use for one's own benefit, to profit from
воспользоваться возможностью
We took advantage of the low prices and bought a computer and a monitor.
take after - be like one of the parents
быть похожим на родителей (родителя)
Tom takes after his father in character, and after his mother in appearance.
take a stand on something - make a firm opinion/decision on smth.
занять четкую позицию, мнение
People need to take a stand on the issue of nuclear weapons.
take care of - look after, protect, see that smth. is done properly
позаботиться о ком-то, чем-то, присмотреть за
Can you take care of my dog while I’m away? Tom takes good care of his car.
take hold of something - take, hold
взять, держать
Take hold of this rope and pull.
take into account - consider smth.
принять во внимание
You must take into account her old age.
take it easy - relax, be calm
не волнуйся
Take it easy, everything will be OK.
take (it) for granted - accept as given
принимать как должное
Mother's love is always taken for granted by children.
take one's breath away
захватить дух
That great view took my breath away.
take one's time - do slowly
делать не торопясь
Don't hurry. Take your time.
take one’s word for it - believe
поверить на слово
Take my word for it, he won’t go there.
take pains - try hard to do it well
прилагать усилия
He took pains to make his report perfect.
take part in smth. - participate in
принять участие
Mary is going to take part in the show.
take place - happen
иметь место, случиться
The accident took place on Oak Street.
take someone's mind off things - distract from fixed ideas/thoughts
отвлечь от навязчивых мыслей
Go to a concert or a movie to take your mind off things.
take steps - take action /measures
принимать меры
We need to take steps against it.
take the words right out of one's mouth - say the same before somebody else says it
сказать то же самое чуть раньше, чем другой говорящий
I was about to say the same! You took the words right out of my mouth.
take time - take a long time
занять много времени
It takes time to get used to a new place.
take time off - be absent from work
взять отгул
He took time off to attend the wedding.
take turns - alternate doing something one after another
делать по очереди, меняться местами
We went to Minsk by car. We didn't get tired because we took turns driving
talk back - answer rudely
дерзить
Don't talk back to the teacher!
talk it over - discuss
обсудить с кем-то
I'll talk it over with my family.
tell apart - see the difference
различить, отличить от
Can you tell the twins apart?
That's just the point. - That's it.
В этом-то и дело.
That's just the point! I hate this job!
the writing on the wall - a sign of future events (usually, trouble)
предзнаменование (обычно, беды)
The plane crashed. Tim said he saw the writing on the wall about this flight.
not think much of - think low
невысокого мнения
I don't think much of her cooking.
think over - consider carefully
обдумать
Think over your answer. Think it over carefully.
till one is blue in the face - try hard
стараться до посинения
I repeated it till I was blue in the face!
to make a long story short - in short
короче говоря
To make a long story short, we won.
to say the least - to make the minimum comment about smth.
самое малое, что можно сказать
The film was boring and long, to say the least.
try on - put on new clothes to test them for size or look
примерить одежду (перед покупкой)
Try on this leather coat, it's very good. She tried it on, but it didn’t fit her at all.
try one's hand at something - try
попробовать себя в
I want to try my hand at painting.
turn on / off - switch on / off
включить/выключить
Turn on the radio. Turn off the water.
turn out to be - result/end this way
оказаться
He turned out to be a very good actor.
turn over a new leaf - make a fresh start in life, work, etc.
начать (жизнь, новое дело) заново
He promises to turn over a new leaf and quit alcohol for good.
turn the tide - reverse the course of events
повернуть вспять ход событий
The new evidence turned the tide, and the defendant was acquitted of charges.
twist one's arm - make to agree
выкручивать руки
They twisted his arm to sell the house.
under the weather - feel ill
нездоровится
I'm a little under the weather today.
up-and-coming - showing promise of future success
многообещающий, подающий надежды
He is an up-and-coming young lawyer who might help you with your case.
up in arms - hostile to, in strong protest against something
протестовать против, сопротивляться
The employees are up in arms about the new retirement rules.
up in the air - undecided
еще не определено
My vacation plans are still up in the air.
(not) up to par - equal in standard
(не) в норме
His behavior isn't up to par.
used to - did often in the past, but not now
в прошлом делал, сейчас нет
I used to play the piano when I was in school (but I don't play it now).
walk on air - be very happy
летать от счастья
He got the job and is walking on air now.
waste one's breath - speak uselessly, to no purpose
не трать усилия зря
Don't waste your breath trying to make him do it, he won't change his mind.
watch one's step - be careful
быть осмотрительным
Watch your step!
watch out - look out, be careful
остерегаться
Watch out for that car! Watch out!
wet blanket - a kill-joy, who spoils everybody's fun
тот, кто портит всем удовольствие
Remember what a wet blanket he was last time? Please don't invite him again.
What's the matter? - What is it?
В чем дело?
What's the matter? What happened?
which way the wind blows - what the real situation is
какова реальная ситуация
He knows which way the wind blows and always acts accordingly.
white lie - unimportant lie
невинная ложь
A white lie is told to spare your feelings.
word for word - in the same words
дословно, дословный
Tell me word for word what he said.
would rather - prefer
предпочитать
I'd rather stay at home today.


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