Английский язык: ругаемся со вкусом!

Now you have really pissed me off, asshole! - Сейчас ты меня реально достал, урод.
You are filthy bastard! - Ты мерзкая сволочь! (ты похотливый козел!)
Bone factory's the right place for you! - Твое место на кладбище!
Don't be such a knockhead! - Не будь таким долбнем!
Get out of here! - Проваливая отсюда!
Give him a knuckle sandwich! - Дай ему в зубы!
Go chase yourself! - Сделай так, чтобы я тебя долго искал!
Go to blazes! - Катись отсюда!
Go to hell with all your blankety - Убирайся отсюда со своими проклятыми шутками!
Go to soak yourself! - Скройся с глаз!
I crap on what you say! - Плевать мне на все твои слова!
I'll blow your brains out! - Я тебе мозги вышибу!
I'll kick in your guts. - Я из тебя душу вытрясу.
I'll make a hamburger out of you. - Я из тебя котлету сделаю.
I'll pin your ears back another time! - В другой раз я тебе уши оторву!
I'll sooth you in no time, you creep! - Я тебя быстро успокою, мерзавец!
Shut up your trap! - Закрой хлебальник!
Stop bugging me! - Лучше не доставай меня!
Stop chapping me! - Не зли меня!
You're a real rattlebrain! - Ты просто кретин!
You're a worm, man! - Ах ты, червь поганый!
You're like a pain in the neck. - Ты мне как бельмо в глазу.
You're so soft! - У тебя совсем мозги расплавились
You've snapped? - Ты что, свихнулся?

Expressions of Time

Past	Present	Future
yesterday	today	tomorrow
last week	this week	next week
an hour ago	now	in an hour
recently	as we speak	soon
a little while ago	at this moment	in the near future
a long time ago	these days	way off in the future
in the past	nowadays	eventually
this morning	at this time	later this evening

Time expressions usually go at the end

or at the beginning of a sentence:

Yesterday I went to school.

I went to school yesterday.

This week I'm going to New York.

I'm going to New York this week.

Other popular time expressions:

In the morning  When I wake up in the morning, I like to drink coffee.  What do you drinkin the morning?
during the day  During the day, they go to school .  What do you doduring the day?
at night  The stars and the moon come out at night. Most people sleepat night, but cats usually stay out late.
in the afternoon  In the afternoon, I come home from school and do my homework.

Using time expressions with the correct verb tense will improve your English: - Last week I went to the movies. (past tense. ) - This week I'm working early in the morning.(present continuous tense to describe the entire week) - Next week I'm going to take a trip to California.(the "going to" future)

Conjunctions

Conjunctions are useful in putting nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, and clauses together when making sentences. There are seven coordinating conjunctions: and, but, or, nor, for, yet, so.

examples

I like to eat cheese and crackers. Use "and" when putting two or more things or people together in a group.	cheese and crackers
Hockey is a fun sport, but sometimes you can fall and hurt yourself. "But" is a word that shows contrast or differences. Hockey is fun, but it is also a little dangerous. Fun but dangerous	fun but dangerous
Would you like to eat a hotdog or a hamburger? "Or" provides you with a choice or a decision.	a hotdog or a hamburger
She eats neither hotdogs nor hamburgers. She prefers vegetables. "Nor" is the negative form of "or." It's often used with "neither." ...neither.....nor.....	not a hotdog nor a hamburger
He went to prison, for he had killed someone. "For" is very similar to "because" and "since." This is a difficult conjunction to use. It sounds very formal.	in prison for having killed
It's cold outside, yet these boys don't want to go inside because they are having so much fun. "Yet" is similar to "but." In this usage it's not the same as the "yet" which is used to express time.	cold yet fun
She saw a spider, so she became afraid. "So" is similar to "because" and "for" but you can't use the word in the same position. The same sentence above could be written: She became afraid because she saw a spider.	saw a spider  became afraid

Possessive Pronouns

	Subject Object Possessive Pronoun I me mine The shirt that I'm wearing is mine (My shirt is red.)
	Subject Object Possessive Pronoun you you yours Yours is blue. (Your shirt is blue)
	Subject Object Possessive Pronoun he him his He's not wearing his. (He's not wearing his shirt.)
	Subject Object Possessive Pronoun she her hers Hers is blue. (Her shirt is blue.)
	Subject Object Possessive Pronoun it it its The strawberry is red. Its skin is red. ("Its" is hard to use as a possessive pronoun. It's often better to use the possessive adjective instead.)
	Subject Object Possessive Pronoun we us ours This is our website. This website is ours.
	Subject Object Possessive Pronoun you you yours Those uniforms of yours look great.
	Subject Object Possessive Pronoun they them theirs My dog is brown. Theirs are gold. Note: it's also possible to say, "Theirs is gold," if they have just one dog. A possessive pronoun is singular or plural depending on the antecent. An "antecedent" is the word or words to which the pronoun refers.

Reflexive Pronouns

Subject	Reflexive Pronoun
I	myself
you	yourself
he	himself
she	herself
it	itself
we	ourselves
you	yourselves
they	themselves

Reflexive pronouns refer back to the subject:
I taught myself how to build this website.
Do you listen toyourself when you speak English?
The boy hurt himselfwhile playing hockey. He hurt himself.
She made herself dizzy by spinning around.
A computer can turnitself off to save on energy. It turns itself off.
We can learn forourselves how to do many things.
You decide foryourselves to study English. No one tells you what to do.
They decide forthemselves where to sit in class. The teacher doesn't tell them where to sit.

Match each question to a correct answer:

1. Did you come to school by yourself today? Answer: _______ 2. Does she know how to get dressed by herself? Answer: _______ 3. How did you hurt yourself? Answer: _______ 4. Is he able to help himself? Answer: _______ 5. Why are you crying? Answer: _______	a. No, he'll need some help. b. No, I walked with two of my friends. c. I did it while I was working on my car. d. I can't help myself. These onions are really strong. e. No, she's only two years old.
	Answers: 1. b; 2. e; 3. c; 4. a; 5. d

Opposite Adjectives

This is a list of adjectives and adjectives that have opposite meanings. Knowing the opposite meaning of a word will help improve your vocabulary.

adjective           opposite adjective
asleep	awake
alert	drowsy
alive	dead
awesome	terrible
best	worst
big	small
bitter	sweet
brave	afraid
bright	dull
calm	nervous
certain	unsure
close	distant
cold	hot
cool	uncool
complete	incomplete
cruel	kind
dark	light
dangerous	safe
different	same
dirty	clean
dry	wet
early	late
easy	difficult
far	near
fast	slow
fat	thin
future	past
happy	sad
healthy	sick
hungry	full
interesting	boring
left	right
loose	tight
loud	soft
low	high
narrow	wide
normal	strange
old	young
on	off
open	closed
public	private
raw	cooked
regular	irregular
right	wrong
rough	smooth
short	tall
small	large
smart	stupid
soft	hard
special	ordinary
straight	crooked
tender	tough
top	bottom
true	false
white	black
wise	foolish

Вопросительные фразы для ежедневного общения

Get it? - Понимаешь?
What makes you so sure? - Почему ты так уверен?
Are you nuts? - Ты что, ненормальный?
How's that? - Как это можно объяснить?
How come, (that) ...? - Как так получается, что...?
What have I got to do? - А что мне еще остается делать?
What's the use of? - Зачем? / Какой смысл?:
What's the use of worrying? - Какой смысл переживать?
Why worry him? -Зачем его беспокоить?
What if I refuse? - А что, если я откажусь?
Surely you can see that. - Неужели ты не понимаешь?
Surely you saw them. -Неужели ты не видел их?
What is it taking so long? - Почему так долго? / Что так задерживает?
What is going on (here)? -Что (здесь) происходит?
Are you kidding? - Ты шутишь?:
What makes you think (that) ...? - Почему ты думаешь, что ...:
What makes you think I was there? =

(Be) used to

(be) used to

"(be) used to" indicates that someone has adapted to a new situation. The situation was difficult or strange or awkward in some way, but then everything was okay. You can also use the verb "get" in place of the verb "be" -- get used to.

Tom is used to sleeping on the plane when he takes a long flight. Notice that the verb "be" changes depending on the subject: I am used to..., You are used to...., He is used to..., We are used to....
Fernando is used to his new skateboard. After "be used to," you can use a gerund or a noun. The example above uses a noun. Fernando is used to riding on a skateboard. This example uses a gerund after "be used to."
He's not used to being without his mother. That's why he's crying. To make "be used to" negative, add "not" to the verb "be."
She's used to people thinking she was born in another country she looks Asian. In fact, she was born in Los Angeles.
He's used to staying out all night.
He wasn't used to people calling him "doctor" at first, but now he hears it every day.
She's used to saying grace before she eats.
He's getting used to working at a desk in a busy office. At first he hated it, but now it's okay. Note: You can use "get" in place of "be."
He wasn't used to being in prison at first, but he got used to it after living there for a few years. This YouTube video show how to use "get" + "used to."
She's very rich. She's used to going to parties and having other people do work for her.
They're used to living in a cold state like Minnesota. In fact, they love it!

Есть несколько способов  оповестить о своих привычках — собственно, они различаются своими конструкциями соответственно времени, в котором Вы говорите.

Сегодня разберем привычки в настоящем времени. Как сказать,о том,что вы привыкли делать в прошлом, а теперь перестали — прошу по ссылке.

be used to + глагол +ING— уже иметь привычку к чему-либо, быть привыкшим к. (настоящее время)

• I´m used to sleeping 6 hours, it´s just enough for me. — Я привык спать 6 часов,мне просто больше не нужно.

• My friend is used to his old car. — привык к машине,в данном случае привык не к действию,а к предмету.

getusedto + глагол+ING— привыкать, приспосабливаться к новым обстоятельствам (настоящее,но часто в контексте будущего)

• When you move to England you´ll have to get used to driving on the left side. — Когда ты переедешь в Англию,тебе придется привыкнуть к левостороннему вождению.

• She started working nights and is still getting used to sleeping during the day. –Онаначалаработатьпоночамидосихпорпривыкаетспатьднем.

Из последнего примера видно, что изначальную форму можно ставить в другие возможные временный  позиции.

Кстати,о прошлом. Ведь мы можем сказать,что так и не смогли привыкнуть к чему-то в прошлом или задать вопрос, используя конструкцию to be used to/ get used to.

• I never got used to drinking tea with milk so I just started drinking coffee. — Я так и не привык пить чай с молоком,поэтому я просто стал пить кофе.

• Did you get used to living with your husband’s parents? — no, I didn’t. One day I went into histeric and told my husband I wasn’t going to live with them any more, so we moved from them. — Ты привыкла жить с родителями мужа? — Нет, однажды я закатила ему истерику и сказала,что я больше не собираюсь с ними жить, и мы съехали.

Used to

"Used to" describes activities in the past. Something was once true, but now the situation is different. Following "used to," the main verb in the simple form: Subject + used to + _____________ (main verb)

She used to work as a waitress, but now she's working as a photographer.
Bill used to go out with Donna.
Now he's going out with Cynthia.
He used to be thin. Now he has a potbelly. used to be = was / were
Her hair used to be green, and then she changed it to purple.
He used to go bowling at least two or three times a week, but when he lost his job he couldn't afford to go out as often. Now he goes bowling just once or twice a month.
I used to take my kids to the park every day. Now they're too old to go.
Soldiers used to useknives, swords, and shields when fighting. Now they use guns.
She never used to wear a helmet when she rode her bike, but after getting into an accident, she wears one all the time. Use "never" or "didn't" to make "used to" negative. "Never" sounds a little better.
He never used to have to travel on business, but now he's away from home at least one or two weeks per month. He didn't used to travel on business so often, but now he does.

"Used to + инфинитив" - это частный случай времени Past Simple. Следовательно, "used to + инфинитив" может употребляться только в прошедшем времени. Эта конструкция употребляется в конкретных ситуациях, в то время как для употребления Past Simple ограничений нет. Поэтому "used to + инфинитив" не всегда можно заменить на "чистый" Past Simple и наоборот.

"Used to" выражает два действия, которые имеют сходство:

1. Повторяющееся действие (привычка), которое совершалось в прошлом и в настоящий момент не совершается. Но в контексте или этом же предложении должно обязательно подчеркиваться, что названное действие сейчас уже не совершается.
   When I was younger I used to smoke a lot, but now I don't.
   Когда я был моложе, то много курил, но сейчас я не курю.

   He used to drink beer, but now he drinks only wine.
   Он (всегда) пил пиво, а сейчас он пьет только вино.
2. Повторяющееся действие(рутина) в прошлом. Однако в данном случае контраст с настоящим временем отсутствует.
   Every morning he used to kiss his wife and set off for work.
   Каждое утро он (обычно/по обыкновению) целовал свою жену и уезжал на работу.

   In Spain I used to go to restaurants in the evening.
   В Испании я ходил в ресторан по вечерам.

Примечание

1. Повторяющееся рутинное действие в прошлом может выражаться через would.
   Every morning he would sit in his arm-chair and read a newspaper.
   Каждое утро по обыкновению он сидел в своем кресле и читал газету.
   Нo, через would нельзя выразить повторяющееся действие(привычка), которое совершалось в прошлом и в настоящий момент не совершается.
   We would talk for hours, but now we don't communicate with each other.
2. "Used to + инфинитив" не употребляется для того чтобы сказать Как Долго? или Как Часто? действие совершалось.
   I used to go to college for three years.

   We used to visit Italy three times.
3. "Used to + инфинитив" не употребляется, когда в предложении даны четкие временные указатели.
   We used to spend all our free time together in 1985.

   I used to read more books 20 years ago. - Так сказать уже можно.
   Но обычно с этой конструкцией употребляются такие временные показатели, как: in our childhood, when I was younger, when she was a teenager. Так же зачастую никаких временных указателей с "used to + инфинитив" не используется.
4. Глагол Use произносится, как [j u: z], его прошедшая форма used - [j u: z d]. Но в данной конструкции Used не является формой прошедшего времени и произносится исключительно, как [j u: s t].

Отрицательное предложение

Отрицание может выражаться тремя способами:

1. традиционно через вспомогательный глагол did и отрицательную частицу not
   I didn't use to like ice-cream in childhood.
2. через отрицательную частицу not
   She used not to play tennis at school.
3. через непривычную краткую форму
   They usedn`t to spend evenings together.

Вопросительное предложение

Вопросительные предложения с конструкцией "used to + инфинитив" используются нечасто.

Вопросы могут строиться двумя способами:

1. Традиционно через вспомогательный глагол did
   Did you use to go to discos when you were younger?

   What did he use to have for breakfast when you lived in the USA?
2. Used сам используется в качестве вспомогательного глагола
   Used they to be friends at school?

   Used he to play with the kids after work?

Multiplication and Division

mulitplication / multiplying
4	x	5	=	20
four	times	five	equals	twenty
10	x	10	=	100
ten	times	ten	is	a hundred
Note: You can say "equals" or "is" for the result.

division / dividing
20	/	5	=	4
twenty	divided by	five	equals	four
100	/	10	=	10
one hundred	divided by	ten	is	ten
Note: You can say "equals" or "is" for the result.